Fibromyalgia
What’s Fibromyalgia?
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, along with fatigue, sleep disturbances, and often cognitive difficulties. It affects the way the brain and spinal cord process pain signals, leading to an increased sensitivity to pain.
Symptoms:
- Widespread Pain: Persistent, widespread pain throughout the body, often described as a dull ache that lasts for at least three months.
- Fatigue: Constant tiredness that doesn't improve with rest and can be exacerbated by physical activity or stress.
- Sleep Disturbances: Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, often coupled with waking up feeling unrefreshed.
- Cognitive Difficulties (Fibro Fog): Problems with memory, concentration, and mental clarity.
- Muscle Stiffness: General stiffness, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
- Tender Points: Specific areas on the body, often referred to as tender points, are sensitive to touch.
- Headaches: Frequent tension-type headaches or migraines.
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Digestive issues including bloating, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel habits.
- Depression and Anxiety: Common co-occurring mental health conditions.
Causes:
- Genetic Predisposition: A family history of fibromyalgia can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
- Infections: Some infections may trigger fibromyalgia in predisposed individuals.
- Physical or Emotional Trauma: Events such as car accidents or significant emotional stress may trigger fibromyalgia or exacerbate symptoms.
- Abnormal Pain Processing: Fibromyalgia is believed to involve abnormal processing of pain signals by the brain and spinal cord.
Risk Factors:
- Gender: Women are more likely to develop fibromyalgia than men.
- Age: Symptoms often begin in early to middle adulthood, although it can occur at any age.
- Family History: Having a family member with fibromyalgia increases the risk.
- Other Conditions: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or other chronic pain conditions are associated with a higher risk.
How can physiotherapy help?
1. Individualized Exercise Programs:
- Low-Impact Aerobic Exercises
- Strength Training
- Flexibility and Stretching Exercises
2. Pain Management Techniques:
- Heat and Cold Therapy
- Manual Therapy
3. Education and Self-Management:
- Pain Management Strategies
- Body Mechanics Training
4. Postural Training:
- Improving Posture:
- Ergonomic Adjustments
5. Functional Training:
- Daily Living Activities
- Adaptive Techniques
6. Balance and Coordination Exercises:
- Balance Training
- Coordination Exercises
7. Relaxation and Stress Reduction:
- Relaxation Techniques
- Mind-Body Practices
8. Gradual Progression and Monitoring:
- Gradual Increase in Activity
- Regular Monitoring
Aug 08,2024