What’s tendon injury?

Tendons are strong, fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones. Tendon injuries occur when these tissues are overstretched, torn, or irritated, often due to overuse, repetitive movements, or sudden injury.

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1. Tendonitis (Tendinitis):

• Tendonitis is the inflammation of a tendon, often caused by overuse or acute injury. Common sites include the shoulder (rotator cuff tendonitis), elbow (tennis elbow or golfer's elbow), wrist, knee (patellar tendonitis), and Achilles tendon.

 

Symptoms:

• Pain and tenderness along the tendon, especially during movement.
• Swelling and warmth over the affected area.
• Stiffness and restricted range of motion.

 

Causes:

• Repetitive movements or overuse (e.g., sports, occupational activities).
• Sudden increase in physical activity.
• Poor technique or posture during activities.
• Aging, which can lead to decreased tendon elasticity.

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2. Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI):

• RSI is a condition resulting from repetitive motions, leading to pain and damage in muscles, tendons, and nerves. It commonly affects the hands, wrists, elbows, shoulders, and neck.

 

Symptoms:

• Persistent pain and aching in the affected area.
• Weakness and fatigue in muscles.
• Tingling, numbness, or burning sensation.
• Reduced coordination and dexterity.

 

Causes:

• Repetitive tasks or motions (e.g., typing, assembly line work).
• Poor ergonomics and posture.
• Prolonged periods of the same activity without breaks.

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3. Tendinopathy

• Tendinopathy refers to a broad spectrum of tendon disorders that involve chronic degeneration of the tendon. It includes conditions like tendinosis (chronic degeneration without inflammation) and paratenonitis (inflammation of the outer layer of the tendon).

 

Symptoms:

• Persistent pain that worsens with activity.
• Stiffness, particularly in the morning.
• Swelling and thickening of the tendon.
• Crepitus (a crackling or grating sensation) during movement.

 

Causes:

• Chronic overuse and repetitive strain.
• Aging and decreased tendon healing capacity.
• Poor biomechanics and technique.
• Underlying medical conditions (e.g., diabetes).

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How physiotherapy can help?

• Initial Rest and Protection
• Pain Management
• Stretching and Flexibility Exercises
• Strengthening Exercise
• Manual Therapy
• Ultrasound Therapy
• Shockwave Therapy
• Education and Ergonomic Advice
• Gradual Return to Activity
• Prevention Strategies